SUBLINGUAL IMMUNIZATION WITH A LIVE ATTENUATED INFLUENZA A VIRUS LACKING THE NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN 1 INDUCES BROAD PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY IN MICE.

Sublingual immunization with a live attenuated influenza a virus lacking the nonstructural protein 1 induces broad protective immunity in mice.

The nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of influenza A virus (IAV) enables the virus to disarm the host cell type 1 IFN defense system.Mutation or deletion of the NS1 gene leads to attenuation of the virus and enhances host antiviral response making such live-attenuated influenza viruses attractive vaccine candidates.Sublingual (SL) immunization with liv

read more



Interpreting Human Societies and Social Dynamics through Multifaceted Exploration of Anthropological Frameworks

The exploration of diverse theoretical frameworks within anthropology presents a comprehensive analysis of influential perspectives that illuminate the complexities of human societies, cultural dynamics, and behaviors.Examining foundational theories such Heated Merchandisers/Display as Cultural Materialism, Structural Functionalism, Symbolic Anthro

read more